Command to recursively chmod only directories:
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
How to recursively set the execute bit on every directory:
chmod -R a+X *
The +X flag sets the execute bit on directories only
How to recursively chmod only files:
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
How to recursively chmod only PHP files (only for PHP files with the extension .php):
find . -type f -name '*.php' -exec chmod 644 {} \;
You can change the “.php” in the line above to whatever file extension that you want.